Diazepam, commonly known by its brand name Valium, is a benzodiazepine medication widely prescribed to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety disorders, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, and certain types of seizures. As a benzodiazepine, diazepam acts by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits the activity of neurons in the brain, resulting in a calming effect on the central nervous system.
Diazepam is available in various formulations, including tablets, oral solutions, and injectable forms, allowing for flexible dosing and administration based on individual patient needs.